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Flooding in vessels (M.C.A. Oral Exam Question)

(Q) Why is it that vessels are sinking?
(a)

(i) Flooding discovered too late for any action to be taken.


(ii)
Basic action not taken to stop flooding.

(iii)
Bilge alarms not fitted or broken.

(iv)
Bilge system soon choked when needed in an emergency.

(v)
No portable pumps on the vessel.

(vi)
Holes in watertight Bulkhead, holes drilled to let cables into a compartment.

(vii)
Wear on the hull of wooden vessels.

(viii)
Crew never heard the bilge alarms.

(ix)
Bilge alarms sensors fitted too high in the bilges

(x)
Bilge alarm strainers (mud boxes) awkward to access or time consuming to open

(xi)
No grid's over the well in the fish hold.

(xii)
The valves stems for the bilge's placed too low in the engine room

(xiii)
Too many bends in the bilge pumping system, this lets air get trapped in pipes

(xiv)
Rubber sections in bilge pumping systems bursting and causing flooding

(xv)
Bilge pump, ejectors and system never serviced or cleaned

(xvi)
No-one knows how to operate the bilge pumps.

(xvii)
Compartments never checked for water.

(xviii)
Bilge alarms never tested.

(xix)
Mud boxes (Strainers) never cleaned

(xx)
Bilge's pipes entrances choke with debris.

(xxi)
Valves are seized.

(xxii)
Test any bilge, hand or whale pump often.

(xxiii)
When in dry-dock check and clean all non-return valves.

(xxiv)
Don't try and remove any non-return valves while your vessel is still in the water.

(xxv)
If unsure where the water is coming from close all sea valves.

(xxvi)
If at anchor, close all sea cocks and any hatches.

 

IMPORTANT

Close all watertight hatches and doors when not in use
(fit signs that say "Doors must kept closed while at sea")

All seawater valves should be kept closed unless needed.

True Life Situation I was involved in

We were at sea and we just newly hauled our nets with a good haul of fish, we boxed them up and started to gut them, after a while the hold man opened the hatch that takes you into the fish room, he shouted to us that the hold was full of water, the vessel did not feel strange because of the amount of water in the hold (FSE) probably because of the weather (Force 1-2) The skipper of our sister-ship put out a Mayday Relay, we started our own pumps, but became useless when they became choked with fish and debris, our engineer tried very hard to clear them but the amount of fish we had in the hold was broken up and the pumps had no chance, very soon a rescue helicopter from Lossiemouth in Scotland came to our aide with a portable submersible pump, he lowered the pump to us and got it started, it soon became chocked too with the amount of debris in the hold, one of our crew (James Eddie Senior) took hold of the pump and by using a plastic fish basket cut a hole the same size as the pumps pipe, he slipped it through and tied a second fish basket inside of the first one, thus giving the pump a filter system, we put this back into the hold and it saved the vessel and crew, this was ingenious on his part to think out how to get the pump to work (Sadly James past away through an accident at sea)

We got the vessel into Lerwick where the vessel was emptied of water and debris

Cause of the vessel sinking?

The metal freeing port being released, cut a hole through the wooden deck, the vessel was slightly listed to starboard with the big haul of fish and with the freeing port open, the water went through the hole in the deck, the fish hold was full of water within 4 hours

We also found out that the bilge alarm wire was broken, it had been checked just after we had landed the previous trip

New Bilge pumping systems has been invented by "Banff and Buchan College, Fraserburgh Scotland", these have been highly recommended

Always check your bilge pumping systems and alarms often

I recommend CCTV throughout the vessel so you can see any build-up of water or any fires

Remember you have to Contact the M.A.I.B. with any situation's like this

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